Every civilization is rooted in natural and biological resources. Wildlife provides directly and indirectly the material basis of human life. The following are the importances of wildlife:
(1) Ecological balance: Every component of the ecosystem (biotic component and abiotic component) plays very important role in regulating the ecological balance. Destruction of one species may affect a number of species dependent on that. The wildlife resources play important role to make an ecosystem independent and self regulating.
(2) Human consumption: Humans have used plants and animals for time immemorable. The most important conventional use of biodiversity is as foods, medicines and industrial products. Wild species of plants and animals are economically most important for human life, as they are used in various ways.
(3) Forest products: Forest products are essential requirements for every human civilization. Wood for construction, firewood as fuel, maintaining oxygen and carbon dioxide concentration, promoting rainfall, maintaining soil fertility and providing habitat for large number of animals are some important aspects of forest, which furnish important component of wildlife.
(4) Natural beauty: The wildlife carries a great aesthetic value. It comprises the natural beauty for the entire world. People take natural beauty for recreation. Tourism industry operates on the natural beauty, which is one of the economical components.
(5) Scientific value: Wildlife resources provide various types of scientific knowledge regarding biological world. The biologists can understand the ecological knowledge, relationships, behaviour of every part of the nature.
(6) Genetic value: The wildlife provides many useful genes that are used for plant and animal breeding. The natural gene bank (collection of different genes) may be very important for the biologists to create novel varieties of plants and animals. The novel varieties constitute the better yielding capacities and the better adaptability.
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